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Just as the government now requires public companies to
prove they have controls in place to protect information
assets within their organization (SOX, GLBA, HIPAA), the
Federal Information Security Management Act of 2002
requires information security to be addressed by local
and federal agencies, contractors and other
organizations that handle federal data
FISMA consists of a set of directives governing what
security responsibilities federal entities have, and it
outlines oversight and management roles to the
implementation of those directives.
FISMA sets aside a number of specific tasks targeted to
particular audiences:
Agencies --
Federal agencies have the largest responsibility under
FISMA. They're required to establish an integrated,
risk-based information security program that adheres to
high-level requirements governing how information
security is conducted within their agency. For example,
agencies are required to assess the current level of
risk associated with their information and information
systems, define controls to protect those systems,
implement policies and procedures to cost-effectively
reduce risk, periodically test and evaluate those
controls, train personnel on information security
policies and procedures, and manage incidents.
(NIST) National Institute of
Standards and Technology --
NIST
bears the responsibility for setting centralized
standards and guidance to which agencies must adhere.
These include the definition and categorization of risk
levels and setting minimum standards for safeguarding
assets according to risk level.
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